ᱢᱳᱝᱜᱳᱞ: ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱦᱲᱟᱭᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱟᱠ ᱠᱚ

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ARYAN MURMU (ᱨᱚᱲ | ᱮᱱᱮᱢ)
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ᱜᱚᱛᱟᱣᱠᱚ: ᱢᱳᱵᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱢᱳᱵᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱳᱭᱮᱵ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ Advanced mobile edit
ARYAN MURMU (ᱨᱚᱲ | ᱮᱱᱮᱢ)
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ᱜᱚᱛᱟᱣᱠᱚ: ᱢᱳᱵᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱢᱳᱵᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱳᱭᱮᱵ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ Advanced mobile edit
ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱲ ᱑᱙᱖:
 
[[File:Gurvger.jpg|thumb|right|upright=1.35|A Mongolic [[yurt|Ger]]]]
 
== Language ==
{{Main|Mongolic languages}}
[[File:MongolicLanguagesGraph.svg|thumb|left|Chronological tree of the Mongolic languages]]
Mongolian is the official national language of [[Mongolia]], where it is spoken by nearly 2.8&nbsp;million people (2010 estimate),<ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite book|last1=Janhunen|first1=Juha|title=Mongolian|date=November 29, 2012|publisher=John Benjamins Publishing Company|page=11|chapter=1}}</ref> and the official provincial language of China's [[Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region]], where there are at least 4.1&nbsp;million ethnic Mongols.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Tsung|first1=Linda|title=Language Power and Hierarchy: Multilingual Education in China|date=October 27, 2014|publisher=Bloomsbury Academic|page=59|chapter=3}}</ref> Across the whole of China, the language is spoken by roughly half of the country's 5.8&nbsp;million ethnic Mongols (2005 estimate)<ref name="ReferenceA"/> However, the exact number of Mongolian speakers in China is unknown, as there is no data available on the language proficiency of that country's citizens. The use of Mongolian in China, specifically in Inner Mongolia, has witnessed periods of decline and revival over the last few hundred years. The language experienced a decline during the late Qing period, a revival between 1947 and 1965, a second decline between 1966 and 1976, a second revival between 1977 and 1992, and a third decline between 1995 and 2012.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Tsung|first1=Linda|title=Language Power and Hierarchy: Multilingual Education in China|date=October 27, 2014|publisher=Bloomsbury Academic|chapter=3}}</ref> However, in spite of the decline of the Mongolian language in some of Inner Mongolia's urban areas and educational spheres, the ethnic identity of the urbanized Chinese-speaking Mongols is most likely going to survive due to the presence of urban ethnic communities.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Iredale|first1=Robyn|last2=Bilik|first2=Naran|last3=Fei|first3=Guo|title=China's Minorities on the Move: Selected Case Studies|date=August 2, 2003|page=84|chapter=4}}</ref> The multilingual situation in Inner Mongolia does not appear to obstruct efforts by ethnic Mongols to preserve their language.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Janhunen|first1=Juha|title=Mongolian|date=November 29, 2012|publisher=John Benjamins Publishing Company|page=16|chapter=1}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Otsuka|first1=Hitomi|title=More Morphologies: Contributions to the Festival of Languages, Bremen, 17 Sep to 7 Oct, 2009|date=30 Nov 2012|page=99|chapter=6}}</ref> Although an unknown number of Mongols in China, such as the Tumets, may have completely or partially lost the ability to speak their language, they are still registered as ethnic Mongols and continue to identify themselves as ethnic Mongols.<ref name="ReferenceA"/><ref>{{cite book|last1=Iredale|first1=Robyn|title=China's Minorities on the Move: Selected Case Studies|date=August 2, 2003|publisher=Routledge|pages=56, 64–67|chapter=3}}</ref> The children of inter-ethnic Mongol-Chinese marriages also claim to be and are registered as ethnic Mongols.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Janhunen|first1=Juha|title=Mongolian|date=November 29, 2012|publisher=John Benjamins Publishing Company|page=11|chapter=1}}{{cite book|last1=Iredale|first1=Robyn|last2=Bilik|first2=Naran|last3=Fei|first3=Guo|title=China's Minorities on the Move: Selected Case Studies|date=August 2, 2003|page=61|chapter=3}}</ref>
 
The specific origin of the Mongolic languages and associated tribes is unclear. Linguists have traditionally proposed a link to the [[Tungusic languages|Tungusic]] and [[Turkic languages|Turkic]] language families, included alongside Mongolic in the broader group of [[Altaic languages]], though this remains controversial. Today the Mongolian peoples speak at least one of several Mongolic languages including Mongolian, Buryat, Oirat, Dongxiang, Tu, Bonan, Hazaragi, and Aimaq. Additionally, many Mongols speak either Russian or Mandarin Chinese as languages of inter-ethnic communication.
 
== Religion ==
"https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/ᱢᱳᱝᱜᱳᱞ" ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱹᱜᱩᱭ