ᱠᱩᱨᱫᱤᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ

ᱠᱩᱨᱫᱤᱥ
ᱠᱩᱨᱫᱤᱥ
Zimanê kurdî / زمانی کوردی‎
ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ	ᱛᱩᱨᱠᱤ, ᱤᱨᱟᱠ, ᱤᱨᱟᱱ, ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱭᱟ, ᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟ, ᱟᱡᱟᱨᱵᱟᱭᱡᱟᱱ
ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ	ᱠᱩᱨᱫᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ, ᱟᱱᱟᱛᱳᱞᱤᱭᱟ, ᱠᱚᱠᱮᱥᱟᱥ, ᱠᱷᱳᱨᱟᱥᱟᱱ, ᱠᱩᱨᱫᱤᱥ ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱟᱥᱤ
ᱡᱟᱹᱛ	ᱠᱩᱨᱫᱤᱥ
ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ	c. ᱒᱐–᱓᱐ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ (᱒᱐᱐᱐–᱒᱐᱑᱐ ᱟᱢᱫᱟᱡᱽ)
ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ	ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱤᱣᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱢᱼᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱠᱩᱨᱫᱤᱥ; ; ; ; ;
ᱥᱴᱟᱱᱰᱟᱨᱰ ᱯᱷᱚᱨᱢ	ᱠᱩᱨᱢᱟᱱᱡᱤ ᱥᱳᱨᱟᱱᱤ
Dialects	ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱠᱩᱨᱫᱤᱥ (ᱠᱩᱨᱢᱟᱱᱡᱤ); ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱠᱩᱨᱫᱤᱥ (ᱥᱳᱨᱟᱱᱤ); ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱠᱩᱨᱫᱤᱥ (ᱯᱟᱞᱣᱟᱱᱤ, Xwarîn); ᱞᱟᱠᱤ;
ᱚᱞ ᱛᱚᱦᱚᱨ	ᱦᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ (ᱞᱟᱛᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ; ᱛᱩᱨᱠᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜᱼᱟ); ᱥᱳᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ; (ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱥᱤᱼᱟᱨᱚᱵᱤᱠ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ; ᱤᱨᱟᱠ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜᱼᱟ); ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱞᱤᱠ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ (ᱢᱟᱬᱮ ᱥᱳᱵᱷᱤᱭᱮᱛ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ); ᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ (᱑᱙᱒᱑-᱒᱙ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱳᱵᱷᱤᱭᱮᱛ ᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ)
ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛ
ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱮᱛ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ	ᱤᱨᱟᱠ ᱠᱩᱨᱫᱤᱥ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ; ᱨᱳᱡᱟᱵᱷᱟ
ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱥᱤᱫ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ; ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱮᱢᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ	ᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟ
ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱳᱰ
ISO 639-1	ku
ISO 639-2	kur
ISO 639-3	kur – inclusive code; Individual codes:; ckb – ᱥᱳᱨᱟᱱᱤ; kmr – ᱠᱩᱨᱢᱟᱱᱡᱤ; sdh – ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱠᱩᱨᱫᱤᱥ; lki – ᱞᱟᱠᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ
ᱜᱞᱳᱴᱳᱞᱳᱜᱽ	kurd1259
ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ	58-AAA-a (North Kurdish incl. Kurmanji & Kurmanjiki) + 58-AAA-b (Central Kurdish incl. Dimli/Zaza & Gurani) + 58-AAA-c (South Kurdish incl. Kurdi)
	ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱨᱫᱤᱥ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ
ᱠᱩᱨᱢᱟᱱᱡᱤ ᱥᱳᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ	ᱡᱟᱡᱟ ᱜᱳᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱢᱮᱥᱟᱞ ᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ
	This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

ᱠᱩᱨᱫᱤᱥ ᱥᱮ ᱠᱩᱨᱫᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱨᱟᱱ, ᱛᱩᱨᱠᱤ, ᱤᱨᱟᱠ, ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱠᱮᱥᱟᱥ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱ ᱠᱩᱨᱫᱤᱥ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱤᱣᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱒ - ᱓ ᱠᱳᱴᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱩᱨᱫᱤᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱥᱚᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱩᱨᱫᱤᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ, ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱩᱨᱫᱤᱥ ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱢᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ^[᱑᱒] ᱾

ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ

ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱡᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱳᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ

ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ

ᱨᱚᱱᱚᱲ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ

ᱚᱞ ᱛᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ

ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ

ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ

↑ SIL Ethnologue gives estimates, broken down by dialect group, totalling 31 million, but with the caveat of "Very provisional figures for Northern Kurdish speaker population". Ethnologue estimates for dialect groups: Northern: 20.2M (undated; 15M in Turkey for 2009), Central: 6.75M (2009), Southern: 3M (2000), Laki: 1M (2000). The Swedish Nationalencyklopedin listed Kurdish in its "Världens 100 största språk 2007" (The World's 100 Largest Languages in 2007), citing an estimate of 20.6 million native speakers.
↑ "Atlas of the Languages of Iran A working classification". Languages of Iran. Retrieved 25 May 2019.
↑ MacCagg, William O.; Silver, Brian D., eds. (1979). Soviet Asian Ethnic Frontiers. Pergamon Press. p. 94. ISBN 9780080246376. Since the most active Soviet Kurdish center has been and continues to be Yerevan, the first alphabet used for publishing Kurdish in the USSR was the Armenian alphabet.
↑ Курдский язык (in ᱨᱩᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ). Krugosvet. ...в Армении на основе русского алфавита с 1946 (с 1921 на основе армянской графики, с 1929 на основе латиницы).
↑ Khamoyan, M. (1986). "Քրդերեն [Kurdish language]". Soviet Armenian Encyclopedia Volume 12 (in ᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹᱱ). p. 492. ...գրկ. լույս է տեսնում 1921-ից հայկ., 1929-ից՝ լատ., 1946-ից՝ ռուս. այբուբենով...
↑ "Iraq's Constitution of 2005" (PDF). p. 4. Retrieved 14 April 2019.
↑ "Kurdistan: Constitution of the Iraqi Kurdistan Region". Retrieved 14 April 2019.
↑ "Social Contract - Sa-Nes". Self-Administration of North & East Syria Representation in Benelux. Archived from the original on 9 December 2018. Retrieved 22 March 2019.
↑ "Rojava could be a model for all Syria". Salih Muslim. Nationalita. 29 July 2014. Retrieved 22 March 2019.
↑ Pavlenko, Aneta (2008). Multilingualism in post-Soviet countries. Bristol, UK: Multilingual Matters. pp. 18–22. ISBN 978-1-84769-087-6.
↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Kurdish". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (help)
↑ The Kurdish Issue in Turkey Archived ᱒᱐᱑᱔-᱐᱙-᱒᱑ at the Wayback Machine., Stavroula Chrisdoulaki, GRIN Verlag, 2010, ISBN 978-3-640-76700-7, ... The Kurdish language belongs to Iranian languages, which is a branch of Indo-Iranian of the Indo-European languages ... There are two main dominant dialects: the Kurmanji – which is spoken mostly by the northern Kurds – and the Surani – which is spoken mostly by the southern Kurds ...

ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ

ᱛᱩᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱦᱩᱲᱟᱹᱜ:<ref> tags exist for a group named "lower-alpha", but no corresponding <references group="lower-alpha"/> tag was found

[pop-1] SIL Ethnologue gives estimates, broken down by dialect group, totalling 31 million, but with the caveat of "Very provisional figures for Northern Kurdish speaker population". Ethnologue estimates for dialect groups: Northern: 20.2M (undated; 15M in Turkey for 2009), Central: 6.75M (2009), Southern: 3M (2000), Laki: 1M (2000). The Swedish Nationalencyklopedin listed Kurdish in its "Världens 100 största språk 2007" (The World's 100 Largest Languages in 2007), citing an estimate of 20.6 million native speakers.

[Iranatlas-2] "Atlas of the Languages of Iran A working classification". Languages of Iran. Retrieved 25 May 2019.

[3] MacCagg, William O.; Silver, Brian D., eds. (1979). Soviet Asian Ethnic Frontiers. Pergamon Press. p. 94. ISBN 9780080246376. Since the most active Soviet Kurdish center has been and continues to be Yerevan, the first alphabet used for publishing Kurdish in the USSR was the Armenian alphabet.

[4] Курдский язык (in ᱨᱩᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ). Krugosvet. ...в Армении на основе русского алфавита с 1946 (с 1921 на основе армянской графики, с 1929 на основе латиницы).

[5] Khamoyan, M. (1986). "Քրդերեն [Kurdish language]". Soviet Armenian Encyclopedia Volume 12 (in ᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹᱱ). p. 492. ...գրկ. լույս է տեսնում 1921-ից հայկ., 1929-ից՝ լատ., 1946-ից՝ ռուս. այբուբենով...

[6] "Iraq's Constitution of 2005" (PDF). p. 4. Retrieved 14 April 2019.

[8] "Kurdistan: Constitution of the Iraqi Kurdistan Region". Retrieved 14 April 2019.

[9] "Social Contract - Sa-Nes". Self-Administration of North & East Syria Representation in Benelux. Archived from the original on 9 December 2018. Retrieved 22 March 2019.

[10] "Rojava could be a model for all Syria". Salih Muslim. Nationalita. 29 July 2014. Retrieved 22 March 2019.

[11] Pavlenko, Aneta (2008). Multilingualism in post-Soviet countries. Bristol, UK: Multilingual Matters. pp. 18–22. ISBN 978-1-84769-087-6.

[Glottolog-12] Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Kurdish". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (help)

[ref22mepeg-13] The Kurdish Issue in Turkey Archived ᱒᱐᱑᱔-᱐᱙-᱒᱑ at the Wayback Machine., Stavroula Chrisdoulaki, GRIN Verlag, 2010, ISBN 978-3-640-76700-7, ... The Kurdish language belongs to Iranian languages, which is a branch of Indo-Iranian of the Indo-European languages ... There are two main dominant dialects: the Kurmanji – which is spoken mostly by the northern Kurds – and the Surani – which is spoken mostly by the southern Kurds ...

[᱑᱒]

[᱑]

[᱒]

[᱓]

[᱔]

[᱕]

[᱖]

[lower-alpha ᱑]

[᱗]

[᱘]

[᱙]

[᱑᱐]

[᱑᱑]