ᱪᱟᱥ
ᱪᱟᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱵᱟᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ, ᱛᱤᱥ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ [᱑] ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱤᱢᱤᱱ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱭ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱚᱪᱚ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱸᱴ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾
ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
ᱪᱟᱥ ᱢᱮᱱᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱢᱟᱱᱣᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱱᱣᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱟ ᱾ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱢᱮᱱᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱮᱴᱟᱜᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣᱜ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ, ᱡᱮᱢᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱤᱡ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱥᱵᱟᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱚᱨᱤᱱ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱟᱹᱥᱩᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱚᱵᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱛᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱰᱮᱦᱮᱨ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱛᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱚᱡᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱪᱤ ᱪᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱠᱚ ᱥᱤᱠᱤᱛ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱛᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱤᱨᱤᱧ ᱵᱟᱠᱷᱨᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱠᱟᱞ ᱵᱟᱝᱢᱟ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱚᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱟᱱᱟᱴ ᱥᱟᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱤᱸᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱡᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
ᱱᱤᱛᱟᱜ ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱠᱟᱨᱠᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱛ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜ ᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱾ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ, ᱛᱚᱵᱮ ᱮᱱᱟᱝ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱵᱟᱺᱫᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱱᱟᱴ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱟᱹᱥᱩᱞᱚᱜ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱠᱚᱜ ᱱᱤᱦᱟᱹᱛ ᱜᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ, ᱡᱮᱢᱚᱱ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱵᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱢᱟᱨ ᱟᱞᱚ ᱡᱟᱴᱟᱜ ᱟᱵᱚᱱ ᱢᱟ ᱾
ᱥᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
ᱥᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱰᱟ ᱰᱟᱺᱜᱽᱨᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱨᱤᱡ ᱡᱚᱵᱽᱨᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱛ ᱠᱚᱜᱮ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱩᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱵᱟᱲᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱛ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱜᱮ ᱠᱟᱦᱮᱸᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ [᱒]
ᱱᱮᱛᱟᱨ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
ᱱᱮᱛᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ ᱠᱚ ᱰᱮᱜᱮᱯ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱤ, ᱠᱟᱰᱷᱟᱱ, ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱥᱟᱹᱨᱟ ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱡ ᱛᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱥᱤᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱩᱲᱩ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵᱽ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱤᱛᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱨ ᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱠᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱮ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱩᱲᱩ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱟ ᱢᱚᱬᱟᱜ, ᱜᱮᱞᱮ ᱥᱟᱵ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱷᱚᱯᱥᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱵᱟᱠᱷᱨᱟ ᱯᱷᱚᱨᱴᱤᱞᱟᱭᱤᱡᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱛ ᱛᱚ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱱᱟᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱟᱜᱟ ᱡᱟᱜᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱹᱭᱤᱯ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱭᱥᱟᱣᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ [᱓]
ᱟᱱᱟᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
ᱰᱚᱛᱚ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱟᱱᱟᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱚᱝᱜᱮ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ, ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱛᱤᱡᱩ, ᱪᱮᱬᱮ, ᱜᱩᱰᱩ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱱᱟᱴ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱛᱚ ᱯᱷᱚᱪᱚᱨᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱟᱸᱴ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
- ↑ Colin Tudge argues "from at least 40,000 years ago... people were managing their environment to such an extent that they can properly be called 'proto-farmers'". Tudge, Colin 1998. Neanderthals, bandits and farmers: how agriculture really began. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, p3. ISBN 0-297-84258-7
- ↑ https://www.dahu.bio/en/knowledge/agriculture/traditional-agriculture
- ↑ https://www.britannica.com/topic/intensive-agriculture