ᱞᱳᱦᱟᱨ
ᱞᱳᱦᱟᱨ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱜᱩᱥᱴᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱠᱷᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱥᱮᱨᱣᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱜᱚᱞ ᱜᱟᱸᱛᱟᱠ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱡᱟᱣᱜᱮ ᱞᱳᱦᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱢᱤᱡᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱵᱟᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱣᱦᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ, ᱡᱩᱫᱤᱦᱚᱸ ᱨᱟᱢᱜᱚᱲᱤᱭᱟ ᱥᱤᱠᱞᱤᱜᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱣᱟ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱢᱛᱷᱤᱝ ᱜᱟᱸᱛᱟᱠ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱭᱚᱥᱛᱷᱟ, ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱯᱩᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱨᱟᱢᱵᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱨᱣᱟ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱟᱸᱛᱟᱠ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾[᱑]
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| ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱧᱚᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ | |
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| • ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ • ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ |
ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
ᱞᱳᱦᱟᱨ ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱟᱸᱛᱟᱠ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱞᱳᱦᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱥᱣᱠᱚᱨᱢᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾
ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱞᱳᱦᱟᱨ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱵᱤᱥᱚᱵᱚᱭᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱢᱩᱫᱽᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱲᱩᱫ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱣᱡᱤᱭᱟ, ᱯᱩᱨᱵᱤᱭᱟ, ᱵᱟᱦᱟᱭ, ᱢᱳᱞᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱡᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ᱾
ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱳᱦᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱛᱦᱚᱸ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱣᱟ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱩᱫᱤᱦᱚᱸ ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱮ ᱪᱟᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹ᱾ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱞᱳᱦᱟᱨ [᱒] ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱟ ᱨᱚᱲᱟ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱚᱣᱟᱫᱷᱤ [ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟ] ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱳ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱟ᱾
ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱳᱦᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱟᱸᱛᱟᱠ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱳ.ᱵᱤ.ᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱯᱚ ᱛᱷᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱟᱸᱛᱟᱠ (EBC) ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱩᱯᱨᱤᱢ ᱠᱳᱨᱴ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱨᱩᱴᱤᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, 'ᱞᱳᱦᱟᱨ' ᱥᱮ 'ᱞᱳᱦᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ' 'ᱞᱳᱦᱚᱨ' ᱥᱮ 'ᱞᱳᱦᱟᱨᱟ' ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱥ.ᱴᱤ ᱛᱷᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱠᱳᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱥᱤᱪ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱳᱦᱲᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱛᱟᱶ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱤ.ᱵᱤ.ᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ [᱓][᱔]
ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱞᱳᱦᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱳᱦᱟᱨ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ [᱕] ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ [᱖] ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱳ.ᱵᱤ.ᱥᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ᱾
ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱟᱹ ᱞᱳᱦᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱟᱹ ᱞᱳᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱢᱩᱞᱛᱟᱱᱤ ᱞᱳᱦᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢᱳᱣᱟᱞ ᱞᱳᱦᱟᱨ᱾
ᱢᱩᱞᱛᱟᱱᱤ ᱞᱳᱦᱟᱨ, ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱢᱤᱡ ᱜᱟᱸᱛᱟᱠ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱩᱞᱛᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱜᱮᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱨᱡᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾
ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢᱳᱣᱟᱞ ᱞᱳᱦᱟᱨ ᱥᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱚᱠᱛᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱟᱹ ᱵᱚᱨᱦᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱦᱳᱭᱳᱜᱼᱟ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱸᱛᱟᱠ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱭᱯᱷᱤ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱫᱚ ᱞᱚᱞᱚᱠ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱫᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱟᱹ ᱩᱯᱚᱼᱡᱟᱡ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱚᱨᱟᱭ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱮᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾
ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
- ↑ In Annex I, Bhattarai lists the Lohar as iron-workers under the Madhesi as 0.36% of the Nepalese population. Bhattarai, Hari Prasad (2004). "Cultural Diversity and Pluralism in Nepal: Emerging Issues and the Search for a New Paradigm" (PDF). Contributions to Nepalese Studies. 31 (2): 293–340, page 339. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2011-05-15.
- ↑ "Ho". Ethnologue. Retrieved 2013-05-02.
- ↑ "बिहार: अब लोहार जाति को नहीं मिलेगी एसटी की सुविधाएं, सामान्य प्रशासन विभाग ने निरस्त की सेवाएं". Retrieved 21 April 2022.
- ↑ "Caught between Loharas & Kamars, Bihar's Lohars shun caste survey". Indian express. Retrieved 17 July 2023.
- ↑ "1 Paper for 3 rd SCONLI 2008 (JNU, New Delhi) Comparative study of Nagpuri Spoken by Chik-Baraik & Oraon's of Jharkhand Sunil Baraik Senior Research Fellow". slideplayer.com. Retrieved 2023-07-19.
- ↑ "List of notified Scheduled Tribes" (PDF). Census India. p. 12. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 November 2013. Retrieved 15 December 2013.
ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
- "Indigenous Communities from India: Lohara". Native Planet. Archived from the original on 2021-01-26. Retrieved 2024-02-16.
- lohars.org