ᱠᱨᱚᱢᱚᱡᱚᱢ

ᱠᱨᱚᱢᱚᱡᱚᱢ ᱥᱮ ᱜᱩᱱᱥᱩᱛᱨᱚ (chromosome) ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱣᱟᱱᱟᱥᱯᱟᱛᱤ ᱥᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱳ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱥᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱩᱯᱤ ᱯᱤᱸᱰ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱹᱥᱤᱠ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱤᱨᱫᱷᱟᱨᱟᱱ ᱥᱮ ᱥᱚᱸᱪᱚᱞᱚᱱ ᱮᱫᱟᱭ᱾ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢᱤᱡᱽ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱥᱩᱛᱨᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱞᱮᱞ ᱱᱤᱥᱪᱤᱛ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱥᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱱᱥᱩᱛᱨᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱞᱮᱞ ᱔᱖ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱒᱓ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟ ᱢᱮᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱤᱢᱮᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱨ ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱲ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱢᱡᱟᱹᱛ ᱜᱩᱱᱥᱩᱛᱨᱚ (autosomes) ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱒᱔ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱲ ᱯᱷᱤᱢᱮᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱡᱚᱲ ᱠᱨᱚᱢᱚᱡᱚᱢ (heterosomes) ᱵᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱣᱟᱜ ᱟ᱾ ᱠᱨᱚᱢᱚᱡᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱸᱴᱨᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱫᱟ ᱧᱚᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾

ᱰᱤ ᱮᱱ ᱮ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ Chromosome

ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱣ

ᱠᱨᱚᱢᱚᱡᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱯᱚᱫᱟᱨᱛᱷ ᱟᱥᱚᱞ: ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ-

(᱑) ᱰᱤᱚᱠᱥᱤᱨᱟᱭᱵᱚᱬᱩᱭᱠᱞᱤᱠ ᱮᱥᱤᱰ (Deoxyribonucleic acid) ᱥᱮ (DNA), ᱟᱨ (᱒) ᱦᱤᱥᱴᱚᱱ (Histone) ᱱᱟᱢᱟᱠ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱨᱚᱴᱤᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾

ᱰᱤ ᱮᱱ ᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱸᱥᱤᱠᱛᱟ (hereditary) ᱯᱚᱫᱟᱨᱛᱷ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱰᱤ ᱮᱱ ᱮ (DNA) ᱟᱱᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱱᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱪᱷᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱺ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱯᱭᱚᱨᱤᱱ (purines), ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱯᱤᱨᱤᱢᱤᱰᱤᱸᱥ (pyrimidines), ᱢᱤᱫ ᱪᱤᱱᱤ- ᱰᱤ ᱚᱠᱥᱤ ᱨᱤᱵᱚᱡ (Deoxyribose) ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱚᱥᱯᱷᱚᱨᱤᱠ ᱮᱥᱤᱰ (Phosphoric acid) । ᱯᱭᱩᱨᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱰᱤᱰᱤᱱ (Adenine) ᱟᱨ ᱜᱣᱟᱱᱤᱱ (Guanine) ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱤᱨᱟᱢᱤᱰᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱢᱤᱱ (Thymine) ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱭᱴᱚᱥᱠᱚᱯᱤ (Cytosine) । ᱰᱤ ᱮᱱ ᱮ (DNA) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱱᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱲ ᱥᱩᱛᱩᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱱᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱨᱯᱤᱞ ᱨᱩᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱣᱚᱞᱚᱭᱤᱛ (spirally coiled) ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱰᱤ ᱮᱱ ᱮ (DNA) ᱥᱩᱛᱨᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱩᱱᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱨᱵᱚᱱᱤᱠ ᱥᱟᱢᱚᱪᱷᱠᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱸᱠᱟ ᱠᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ- ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱢᱤᱱ, ᱥᱟᱭᱴᱚᱥᱠᱚᱯᱤ, ᱮᱰᱤᱰᱤᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱣᱟᱱᱤᱱ, ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟᱠᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱯᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱥᱚᱞ ᱰᱷᱚᱝ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾

ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱩᱱᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱪᱷᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱪᱤᱱᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱚᱥᱯᱷᱮᱨᱤᱠ ᱮᱥᱤᱰ ᱟᱱᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱮᱠᱟᱞ ᱴᱮᱴᱨᱟ ᱭᱩᱠᱞᱤᱰᱭᱚ ᱚᱰᱤᱴ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱰᱤ ᱮᱱ ᱮ (DNA) ᱟᱱᱩ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾

ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱞᱤ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱰᱤ ᱮᱱ ᱮ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟ- ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱪᱷᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱱᱩᱠᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ᱾ ᱰᱤ ᱮᱱ ᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱸᱠᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱱᱭᱩᱠᱞᱤᱠ ᱮᱥᱤᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱱ ᱮ (RNA) ᱠᱟᱨᱵᱚᱱᱤᱠ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱪᱷᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱯᱮᱨᱟᱵᱮᱸᱜᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱬᱛᱤ ᱒,᱖᱐᱐ ᱮᱸᱜᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱸᱛᱚᱨᱞᱤᱱ (absorb) ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱰᱤ ᱮᱱ ᱮ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱚᱥᱤᱠᱟ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱢᱚᱛᱨᱚᱛᱚᱢᱟᱠ ᱟᱜᱢᱚᱱ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾