ᱢᱚᱠᱟᱞᱚ ᱵᱟᱨᱩᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱨᱠ
ᱢᱚᱠᱟᱞᱩ ᱵᱟᱨᱩᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱨᱠ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱤᱢᱟᱞᱚᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱨᱠ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱙᱒ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱜᱚᱨᱢᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱨᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱵᱽ ᱥᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱘,᱐᱐᱐ ᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ (᱒᱖,᱐᱐᱐ ᱯᱷᱩᱴ) ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱰᱮᱦᱮᱨ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱩᱪᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱟᱵᱟᱝ ᱨᱤᱛᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱛᱩᱝ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱳᱞᱩᱠᱷᱩᱢᱵᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱝᱠᱩᱣᱟᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ 1,500 km2 (580 sq mi) ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ 830 km2 (320 sq mi) ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱧᱮᱼᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱩᱯᱷᱚᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱷᱮᱨᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱑]
| ᱢᱚᱠᱟᱞᱚ ᱵᱟᱨᱩᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱨᱠ | |
|---|---|
IUCN category II (national park) | |
 Landscape in Makalu Barun National Park | |
  Location in Province No. 1  ᱢᱚᱠᱟᱞᱚ ᱵᱟᱨᱩᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱨᱠ (Nepal) | |
| Location | Province No. 1, Nepal |
| Coordinates | 27°45′25″N 87°06′49″E / 27.75694°N 87.11361°ECoordinates: 27°45′25″N 87°06′49″E / 27.75694°N 87.11361°E |
| Area | 1,500 km2 (580 sq mi) |
| Established | ᱑᱙᱙᱒ |
| Governing body | Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation |
ᱢᱚᱠᱟᱞᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱘,᱔᱖᱓ ᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ (᱒᱗,᱗᱖᱖ ᱯᱷᱩᱴ) ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱱᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱪᱟᱢᱟᱞᱟᱝᱜ (᱗,᱓᱑᱙ ᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ), ᱵᱟᱨᱩᱱᱴᱥᱮ (᱗,᱑᱒᱙ ᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ) ᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱨᱟ (᱖,᱖᱕᱔ ᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ) ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱜᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱵᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱔᱔ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ-ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨᱩᱱ ᱫᱤᱯ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱓᱔᱓᱗ ᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ (᱑,᱑᱒᱙ ᱑,᱒᱓᱗ ᱯᱷᱩᱴ) ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱚᱠᱟᱞᱩ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱘,᱐᱒᱕ ᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ (᱒᱖,᱓᱒᱙ ᱯᱷᱩᱴ) ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱒] ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱜᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱛᱤᱵᱵᱚᱛ ᱚᱴᱚᱱᱚᱢᱚᱥ ᱨᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱢᱚᱞᱚᱝᱜᱟᱢᱟ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱜᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱓]
ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱤᱢᱟᱪᱚᱞ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱔]
ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ
ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
᱑᱙᱘᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱢᱟᱣᱩᱱᱴᱮᱱ ᱤᱱᱥᱴᱤᱴᱭᱩᱴ (TMI) ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱮᱛ ᱰᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱥᱤ. ᱴᱮᱭᱞᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱨᱩᱱ ᱵᱷᱮᱞᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱩᱨᱥᱩᱯᱩᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱭᱮᱴᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱤᱪᱟᱹᱨ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱾ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱷᱚᱫᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱠᱟᱹ ᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱮᱫ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱘᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱨᱳᱯᱷᱮᱥᱚᱨ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱘᱘ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱢᱚᱠᱚᱞᱩ-ᱵᱟᱨᱩᱱ ᱠᱚᱱᱥᱚᱨᱵᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ (MBNPCA) ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱜᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱡᱤᱵᱽ ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱠᱚᱱᱥᱚᱨᱵᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱤᱹᱮᱢᱹᱟᱭᱹᱤᱹ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱚᱸᱠᱥᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱡᱤᱵᱽ-ᱡᱟᱱᱣᱟ
ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱱᱟ ᱦᱩᱱᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱵᱽ ᱡᱟᱱᱣᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ -ᱪᱮᱬᱮ, ᱦᱟᱹᱠᱩ ᱮᱢᱟᱱᱠᱚ ᱾
ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ
ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ- ↑ Bhuju, U. R.; Shakya, P. R.; Basnet, T. B. & Shrestha, S. (2007). "Makalu Barun National Park". Nepal Biodiversity Resource Book. Protected Areas, Ramsar Sites, and World Heritage Sites. Kathmandu: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development, Ministry of Environment, Science and Technology, in cooperation with United Nations Environment Programme, Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific. pp. 55–57. ISBN 978-92-9115-033-5.
- ↑ Carpenter, C. & Zomer, R. (1996). "Forest ecology of the Makalu-Barun National Park and Conservation Area, Nepal". Mountain Research and Development. 16 (2): 135–148. doi:10.2307/3674007.
- ↑ ᱛᱩᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱦᱩᱲᱟᱹᱜ:Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedjha - ↑ Gurung, C. P.; Maskey, T. M.; Poudel, N.; Lama, Y.; Wagley, M. P.; Manandhar, A.; Khaling, S.; Thapa, G.; Thapa, S. & Wikramanayake, E. D. (2006). "The Sacred Himalayan Landscape: Conceptualizing, Visioning, and Planning for Conservation of Biodiversity, Culture and Livelihoods in the Eastern Himalaya" (PDF). In McNeely, J. A.; McCarthy, T. M.; Smith, A.; Whittaker, O. L. & Wikramanayake, E. D. (eds.). Conservation Biology in Asia. Kathmandu: Nepal Society for Conservation Biology, Asia Section and Resources Himalaya Foundation. pp. 10–20. ISBN 99946-996-9-5.
ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ
ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ- BirdLife International. "Important Bird Areas factsheet: Makalu Barun National Park".
- Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation, Nepal. "Makalu Barun National Park". Archived from the original on 2021-02-18. Retrieved 2023-11-11.