ᱦᱚᱨᱢᱚᱱ
ᱦᱚᱨᱢᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱞᱴᱤᱥᱮᱞᱩᱞᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱞᱟᱱᱰ ᱠᱷᱳᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱛᱮᱧᱚᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱤᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱠᱟᱹ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱨᱚᱜ-ᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱱᱭᱚᱱᱛᱨᱳᱬ ᱚᱪᱚᱭᱟ ᱾ [᱑] ᱦᱤᱨᱢᱚᱱ ᱫᱳ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱠᱟᱭᱛᱮ ᱯᱮ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
- ᱮᱠᱚᱥᱟᱱᱚᱭᱮᱰ
- ᱥᱴᱮᱨᱚᱭᱮᱰ
- ᱟᱢᱤᱱᱚ ᱟᱥᱤᱰ/ ᱯᱨᱚᱴᱤᱱ
ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱨᱢᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱥᱮᱞ ᱮ ᱥᱮᱛᱮᱧ ᱚᱪᱚᱭᱮᱫ ᱠᱮᱢᱤᱪᱟᱞ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱨᱢᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱝᱜᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱴᱤᱥᱩ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱮ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱤᱵᱽ ᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱦᱟᱨ ᱮ ᱠᱚᱱᱴᱨᱚᱞᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱢᱤᱱᱚ ᱮᱥᱤᱰ ᱢᱮᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱨᱢᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱢᱤᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹ ᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱢᱮᱥᱟᱜ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱴᱮᱨᱚᱭᱮᱰ ᱦᱚᱨᱢᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱤᱯᱤᱰ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱮᱥᱟ ᱠᱮᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱡᱽᱢᱟ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱫᱟᱹᱲ ᱠᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱨᱢᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱴᱤᱥᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱧᱚᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱤᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱦᱚᱨᱢᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱛᱮᱧᱚᱜ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾
ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ
ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱦᱚᱨᱢᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚᱭ ᱠᱚᱱᱴᱨᱚᱞᱟ ᱚᱠᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱥᱤᱜᱽᱱᱟᱞ ᱮ ᱮᱢᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ [᱒]
- ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱴᱤᱥᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱨᱢᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱟᱛᱮᱧ ᱾
- ᱡᱟᱣᱨᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱨᱢᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱨᱚ ᱾
- ᱴᱟᱨᱜᱮᱴ ᱥᱮᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱨᱢᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱾
- ᱥᱮᱞ ᱢᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱮᱱ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱨᱢᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ ᱾
- ᱦᱚᱨᱢᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱾
- ᱦᱚᱨᱢᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱯᱩᱫ ᱾
ᱦᱚᱨᱢᱚᱱ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱮᱫ ᱥᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱞ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱠᱟᱹ ᱥᱮᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱢᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱨᱭᱮᱰ ᱜᱞᱟᱱᱰ, ᱚᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱮᱥᱴᱤᱥ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱮᱜᱽᱡᱚᱥᱟᱭᱴᱚᱥᱤᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝᱢᱟ ᱢᱮᱢᱵᱨᱮᱱ ᱴᱟᱨᱱᱥᱯᱚᱨᱴ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱨᱢᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱚᱰᱚᱠᱚᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱤᱱᱟᱹ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱨᱢᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱴᱤᱥᱩ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢᱟᱭᱟ ᱾
ᱯᱟᱱᱛᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ (ᱟᱵᱤᱥᱠᱟᱨ)
ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱦᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱨᱢᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱱᱛᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱟᱨᱱᱚᱞᱰ ᱟᱰᱚᱞᱯᱷ ᱵᱚᱨᱛᱷᱚᱞᱰ (᱑᱘᱔᱙)
ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱟᱨᱱᱚᱞᱰ ᱟᱰᱚᱞᱯᱷ ᱵᱚᱨᱛᱷᱞᱰ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱨᱢᱱᱟ ᱯᱷᱤᱡᱤᱭᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤᱥᱴ, ᱡᱩᱞᱚᱡᱤᱥᱴ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱳ ᱑᱘᱔᱙ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱮᱥᱴᱤᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱩᱠᱞᱤ ᱮ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵ ᱞᱮᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱦᱟᱜ ᱨᱩᱥᱴᱚᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱱᱤᱰ ᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱮᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱥᱤᱢ ᱥᱟᱺᱰᱤ ᱮᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱠᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱠᱮᱜ-ᱟ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱨᱢᱟᱞ ᱥᱮᱠᱥ ᱚᱨᱜᱟᱱ ᱱᱚᱨᱢᱟᱞ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱴᱮᱥᱴᱤᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱯᱮᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱰᱚᱠ ᱠᱟᱫ ᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱠᱮᱜ-ᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱠᱥᱚᱣᱟᱞ ᱚᱨᱜᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱭ ᱵᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱤᱫᱤᱭᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱮᱸᱜᱟ ᱥᱤᱢ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱥᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱱᱟ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱴᱷᱤᱠᱟᱹ ᱠᱮᱜ-ᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱥᱤᱢ ᱮᱸᱜᱟ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱥᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱚᱨᱜᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱴᱷᱤᱠᱟᱹ ᱠᱮᱜ-ᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱨᱢᱚᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ [᱓][᱔]
ᱵᱮᱞᱤᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱴᱟᱨᱞᱤᱝ (᱑᱙᱐᱒)
ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱠᱮᱢᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱦᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ
ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱦᱚᱨᱢᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱽᱭᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱚᱝᱥᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱜᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ ᱚᱝᱥᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱾ ᱦᱚᱨᱢᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱞᱴᱤᱥᱮᱞᱩᱞᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱮᱢᱚᱱ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ, ᱡᱩᱱᱛᱩ, ᱯᱷᱚᱧᱡᱤ, ᱟᱞᱡᱤ, ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱞᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱮᱢᱚᱱ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱤᱠᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱱᱚᱰᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱮᱢᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ [᱕][᱖]
ᱵᱤᱥᱤ ᱡᱟᱝ ᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱱᱣᱟᱨ
ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱯᱮᱴᱟᱭᱤᱰ
ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱟᱢᱤᱱᱚ ᱮᱥᱤᱰ
ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱠᱚᱥᱟᱱᱚᱭᱮᱰ
ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱥᱴᱮᱨᱚᱭᱮᱰ
ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱤᱥᱤ ᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱱᱣᱟᱨ
ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱫᱟᱨᱮ
ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱯᱚᱨᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ
ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱦᱤᱨᱢᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱚᱨᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱮᱱᱟ [᱗]
- ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱨᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾
- ᱢᱮᱴᱟᱵᱞᱤᱡᱤᱢ ᱮ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱪᱟᱲᱚᱱᱟ ᱭᱟ ᱾
- ᱛᱟᱯᱟᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ, ᱢᱮᱴᱤᱝ ᱵᱟᱝᱢᱟ ᱢᱮᱥᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱭᱟ ᱾
- ᱨᱮᱝᱜᱮᱡ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱾
- ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱭᱠᱮᱞ ᱮ ᱠᱚᱱᱴᱨᱚᱞᱟ ᱾
- ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱯᱷᱮᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱤᱝᱜᱩᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚᱭ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨᱟ ᱾
ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱦᱚᱨᱢᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱨᱢᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱛᱮᱧ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱚᱨᱢᱚᱱ ᱥᱤᱜᱽᱱᱟᱞ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱨᱮᱟᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱵᱮᱥ ᱮ ᱠᱚᱱᱴᱨᱚᱞᱟ ᱾
ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱪᱟᱲᱚᱱᱟ
ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ
ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ
ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ
ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ- ↑ Shuster, Michèle,. Biology for a changing world, with physiology (Second edition ed.). New York, NY. ISBN 9781464151132. OCLC 884499940.
{{cite book}}:|edition=has extra text (help)CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ↑ Nussey S, Whitehead S (2001). Endocrinology: an integrated approach. Oxford: Bios Scientific Publ. ISBN 978-1-85996-252-7.
- ↑ Belfiore, Antonino; LeRoith (eds.). Principles of endocrinology and hormone action. Cham. ISBN 9783319446752. OCLC 1021173479.
{{cite book}}: Unknown parameter|name-list-format=ignored (help) - ↑ Molina, Patricia E., ed. (2018). Endocrine physiology. McGraw-Hill Education. ISBN 9781260019353. OCLC 1034587285.
{{cite book}}: Unknown parameter|name-list-format=ignored (help) - ↑ Lenard J (April 1992). "Mammalian hormones in microbial cells". Trends in Biochemical Sciences. 17 (4): 147–50. doi:10.1016/0968-0004(92)90323-2. PMID 1585458.
- ↑ Janssens PM (1987). "Did vertebrate signal transduction mechanisms originate in eukaryotic microbes?". Trends in Biochemical Sciences. 12: 456–459. doi:10.1016/0968-0004(87)90223-4.
- ↑ Lall, Solomon (2013). Clearopathy. India: Partridge Publishing India. p. 1. ISBN 9781482815887.