ᱦᱤᱞᱤᱭᱟᱢ, 2 He Pronunciation / ˈ h iː l i ə m / (HEE -lee-əm ) Appearance colorless gas, exhibiting a gray, cloudy glow (or reddish-orange if an especially high voltage is used) when placed in an electric field Standard atomic weight A r, std (He) 7000400260200000000♠ 4.002602 (2)[ ᱑]
Atomic number (Z ) 2 Group group n/a Period [[Period {{{period}}} element|period {{{period}}}]] Block [[{{{block}}}-block]] Element category Noble gas Electron configuration 1s2 Electrons per shell
2 Phase at STP gas Boiling point 4.222 K (−268.928 °C, −452.070 °F) Density (at STP) 0.1786 g/L when liquid (at b.p. ) 0.125 g/cm3 Triple point 2.177 K, 5.043 kPa Critical point 5.1953 K, 0.22746 MPa Heat of fusion 0.0138 kJ/mol Heat of 0.0829 kJ/mol Molar heat capacity 20.78 J/(mol·K)[ ᱒] pressure (defined by ITS-90 )
P (Pa)
1
10
100
1 k
10 k
100 k
at T (K)
1.23
1.67
2.48
4.21
Oxidation states 0 Electronegativity Pauling scale: no data energies 1st: 2372.3 kJ/mol 2nd: 5250.5 kJ/mol Covalent radius 28 pm Van der Waals radius 140 pm Spectral lines of ᱦᱤᱞᱤᱭᱟᱢNatural occurrence primordial Crystal structure hexagonal close-packed (hcp) Speed of sound 972 m/s Thermal conductivity 0.1513 W/(m·K) Magnetic ordering diamagnetic [ ᱓] Magnetic susceptibility 3005812000000000000♠ −1.88× 10−6 cm3 /mol (298 K)[ ᱔] CAS Number 7440-59-7 Naming after Helios , Greek god of the Sun Discovery Norman Lockyer (1868) First isolation William Ramsay , Per Teodor Cleve , Abraham Langlet (1895)
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References
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↑ Meija, Juris; Coplen, Tyler B.; Berglund, Michael; Brand, Willi A.; De Bièvre, Paul; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Irrgeher, Johanna; Loss, Robert D.; Walczyk, Thomas; Prohaska, Thomas (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)" . Pure and Applied Chemistry . 88 (3): 265–91. doi :10.1515/pac-2015-0305 .
↑ Shuen-Chen Hwang, Robert D. Lein, Daniel A. Morgan (2005). "Noble Gases". Kirk Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology . Wiley. pp. 343–383. doi:10.1002/0471238961.0701190508230114.a01 .
↑ Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds , in Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 81st edition, CRC press.
↑ Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics . Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4 .
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<ref name = "CIAAW2013" /> for the source Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (from subtemplates used by {{Infobox element }})
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