ᱵᱚᱨᱫᱤᱭᱟ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱨᱠ

Bardiya National Park
Bardiya National Park
ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞᱤ: बर्दिया राष्ट्रिय निकुञ्ज Bardiya Rastriya Nikunja.oggⓘ
IUCN category II (national park)
	Location in Nepal
ᱞᱚᱠᱮᱥᱚᱱ	Nepal
ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ	Gulariya
Coordinates	28°28′N 81°28′E / 28.47°N 81.47°E
ᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ	968 km2 (374 sq mi)
ᱴᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ	1988
Governing body	Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation

ᱵᱚᱨᱫᱤᱭᱟ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱨᱠ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱨᱠ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱘᱘ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱵᱚᱨᱫᱤᱭᱟ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱨᱠ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱙᱖᱘ km2 (374 sq mi) ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱴᱚᱯᱟᱨ ᱮᱥᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱨᱠ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱟᱞᱤ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱵᱽ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱨᱫᱤᱭᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱵᱟᱭ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱣᱚᱞᱤᱠ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱛᱮ ᱮᱥᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞᱜᱩᱸᱡᱽ-ᱥᱩᱨᱠᱷᱮᱴ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱦᱥᱤᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱮᱨᱩᱣᱟ, ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱟᱞᱤ ᱫᱤᱯ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱵᱟᱭ ᱫᱤᱯ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾^[᱑]

ᱵᱟᱸᱠᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱨᱠ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱑,᱔᱓᱗ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱵᱚᱨᱜᱚ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ (᱕᱕᱕ ᱥᱠᱚᱭᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱭᱤᱞ) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱥᱩᱪᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱨᱰᱤᱭᱟ-ᱵᱟᱸᱠᱮ ᱴᱟᱭᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱱᱥᱚᱨᱵᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱴ (TCU) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱟᱠᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱒,᱒᱓᱑ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱵᱚᱨᱜᱚ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ (᱘᱖᱑ ᱥᱠᱚᱭᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱭᱤᱞ) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱞᱩᱵᱷᱤᱭᱚᱞ ᱜᱽᱨᱟᱥᱞᱮᱸᱰ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱵᱽᱴᱨᱳᱯᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱰᱤᱥᱤᱰᱤᱭᱩᱥ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱞᱳᱣᱮᱥᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾^[᱒]^[᱓]

ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ

᱑᱘᱑᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱩᱜᱩᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱥᱴ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱱᱤ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱔᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱘᱕᱗ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱑᱘᱖᱐ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱨᱩᱣᱟ. ᱛᱮᱦᱮᱧ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱟᱭᱟ ᱢᱩᱞᱩᱠ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱖᱙ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱓᱖᱘ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱦᱟᱱᱴᱤᱝ ᱨᱤᱡᱟᱨᱵᱷ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙᱗᱖ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱟᱞᱤ ᱣᱤᱞᱰᱞᱟᱭᱤᱯ ᱨᱤᱡᱟᱨᱵᱷ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱘᱒ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱵᱟᱨᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱡᱤᱵᱽ ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱵᱟᱜᱟᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙᱘᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱵᱟᱭ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱘᱘ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱜᱟᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ^[᱑]

ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱑᱕᱐ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱵᱟᱭ ᱵᱷᱮᱞᱞᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱟᱥᱵᱟᱥ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ, ᱱᱮᱛᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱤᱣᱤᱵ ᱡᱟᱱᱣᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ^[᱑] ᱾

ᱵᱷᱮᱡᱮᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ

ᱯᱟᱨᱠ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱗᱐% ᱦᱤᱥ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ, ᱥᱟᱵᱷᱟᱱᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾^[᱔] ᱯᱟᱨᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱠᱳᱨᱰ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱚᱱᱡᱟᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱘᱓᱙ ᱡᱟᱹᱛ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱗᱓ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱩᱞᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱹᱛ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱔᱐ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱰᱤᱠᱳᱴ, ᱒᱖ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱢᱚᱱᱳᱠᱳᱴ, ᱖ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱯᱷᱮᱨᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱤᱢᱱᱟᱥᱯᱟᱨᱢ ᱡᱟᱹᱛ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾^[᱕]

ᱡᱤᱵᱽ ᱡᱟᱱᱣᱟᱨ

A group of gharials and a Mugger crocodile on a sand bank of the Karnali River

Bengal tiger in Bardiya National Park

ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱹᱯᱩᱫ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱷᱮᱡᱮᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱖᱔᱒ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱵᱽ ᱡᱟᱱᱣᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱟᱞᱤ-ᱵᱟᱵᱟᱭ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱴᱩ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱫ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱵᱚᱠᱥᱵᱳᱣᱩ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱒᱕ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱴᱩ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱩᱡ ᱠᱨᱳᱠᱳᱰᱤᱞ ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ, ᱒᱓ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱯᱴᱤᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱢᱯᱷᱤᱵᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱹᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾^[᱕]

ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ

↑ ^᱑.᱐ ^᱑.᱑ ^᱑.᱒ Majupuria, T. C., Kumar, R. (1998). Wildlife, National Parks and Reserves of Nepal. S. Devi, Saharanpur and Tecpress Books, Bangkok. ISBN 974-89833-5-8
↑ Wikramanayake, E.D., Dinerstein, E., Robinson, J.G., Karanth, K.U., Rabinowitz, A., Olson, D., Mathew, T., Hedao, P., Connor, M., Hemley, G., Bolze, D. (1999). Where can tigers live in the future? A framework for identifying high-priority areas for the conservation of tigers in the wild. In: Seidensticker, J., Christie, S., Jackson, P. (eds.) Riding the Tiger. Tiger conservation in human-dominated landscapes. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. hardback ISBN 0-521-64057-1, paperback ISBN 0-521-64835-1
↑ Nepalnews (2010). article Govt announces creation of 550 sq km Banke National Park Archived ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱑, ᱒᱐᱑᱑ at the Wayback Machine.. Nepalnews 13 May 2010
↑ Dinerstein, E. (1979). "An ecological survey of the royal Karnali-Bardia Wildlife Reserve, Nepal. Part I: Vegetation, modifying factors, and successional relationships". Biological Conservation. 15 (2): 127–150. doi:10.1016/0006-3207(79)90030-2.
↑ ^᱕.᱐ ^᱕.᱑ Bhuju, U. R.; Shakya, P. R.; Basnet, T. B. & Shrestha, S. (2007). "Bardia National Park". Nepal Biodiversity Resource Book. Protected Areas, Ramsar Sites, and World Heritage Sites. Kathmandu: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development, Ministry of Environment, Science and Technology, in cooperation with United Nations Environment Programme, Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific. pp. 43–45. ISBN 978-92-9115-033-5.

ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ

BirdLife International. "Important Bird Areas factsheet: Bardia National Park".
Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation, Nepal: Bardiya National Park Archived ᱒᱐᱒᱐-᱐᱑-᱒᱐ at the Wayback Machine.

[mk98-1] ᱑.᱐ ^᱑.᱑ ^᱑.᱒ Majupuria, T. C., Kumar, R. (1998). Wildlife, National Parks and Reserves of Nepal. S. Devi, Saharanpur and Tecpress Books, Bangkok. ISBN 974-89833-5-8

[2] Wikramanayake, E.D., Dinerstein, E., Robinson, J.G., Karanth, K.U., Rabinowitz, A., Olson, D., Mathew, T., Hedao, P., Connor, M., Hemley, G., Bolze, D. (1999). Where can tigers live in the future? A framework for identifying high-priority areas for the conservation of tigers in the wild. In: Seidensticker, J., Christie, S., Jackson, P. (eds.) Riding the Tiger. Tiger conservation in human-dominated landscapes. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. hardback ISBN 0-521-64057-1, paperback ISBN 0-521-64835-1

[3] Nepalnews (2010). article Govt announces creation of 550 sq km Banke National Park Archived ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱑, ᱒᱐᱑᱑ at the Wayback Machine.. Nepalnews 13 May 2010

[dinerstein1979-4] Dinerstein, E. (1979). "An ecological survey of the royal Karnali-Bardia Wildlife Reserve, Nepal. Part I: Vegetation, modifying factors, and successional relationships". Biological Conservation. 15 (2): 127–150. doi:10.1016/0006-3207(79)90030-2.

[nbrb07-5] ᱕.᱐ ^᱕.᱑ Bhuju, U. R.; Shakya, P. R.; Basnet, T. B. & Shrestha, S. (2007). "Bardia National Park". Nepal Biodiversity Resource Book. Protected Areas, Ramsar Sites, and World Heritage Sites. Kathmandu: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development, Ministry of Environment, Science and Technology, in cooperation with United Nations Environment Programme, Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific. pp. 43–45. ISBN 978-92-9115-033-5.

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