ᱚᱵᱽᱫᱩᱞ ᱠᱚᱞᱟᱢ
ᱟᱵᱩᱞ ᱯᱚᱠᱤᱨ ᱡᱮᱣᱱᱩᱞᱚᱵᱫᱤᱱ ᱚᱵᱽᱫᱩᱞ ᱠᱚᱞᱟᱢ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ A. P. J. Abdul kalam ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱵᱽᱫᱩᱞ ᱠᱚᱞᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱮᱛ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱒᱐᱐᱒ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒᱐᱐᱗ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱾ ᱛᱟᱢᱤᱞᱱᱟᱰᱩ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱢᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱩᱤ ᱛᱤᱨᱩᱪᱤᱨᱚᱯᱚᱞᱞᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱱᱴ ᱡᱚᱥᱮᱯᱷ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱷᱤᱡᱤᱠᱟᱞ (physical science) ᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱱᱱᱟᱭ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱫᱽᱨᱟᱥ ᱤᱱᱥᱴᱤᱪᱩᱴ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱴᱮᱠᱱᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱤᱧᱡᱤᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨ ᱥᱚᱱᱮᱨ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱮᱛ ᱦᱣᱭᱩᱜ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱤᱯᱷᱮᱱᱥ ᱨᱤᱥᱚᱨᱪ & ᱰᱮᱵᱷᱞᱚᱯᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱚᱨᱜᱟᱱᱤᱡᱮᱥᱚᱱ (DRDO) ᱟᱨ ᱤᱥᱨᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱤᱧᱡᱤᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤᱠ ᱢᱤᱥᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱚᱧᱪ ᱵᱮᱦᱠᱤᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱜᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱚᱰᱚᱠ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱠᱚᱞᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱤᱥᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱢᱟᱺᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱣᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱺᱜᱤᱧ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱰᱤᱯᱷᱮᱱᱥ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱑᱙᱙᱗ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱚᱛᱱᱚ ᱢᱟᱺᱱ ᱥᱟᱨᱦᱟᱣ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾
| |||||||||
| ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ | ᱚᱵᱽᱫᱩᱞ ᱠᱚᱞᱟᱢ | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱮᱛ | |||||||||
| ᱒᱕ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱒᱐᱐᱒
ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒᱕ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱒᱐᱐᱗ | |||||||||
| ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ | |||||||||
| ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ | ᱑᱕ ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱙᱓᱑
ᱨᱟᱢᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨᱚᱢ | ||||||||
| ᱵᱚᱝᱜᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ | ᱒᱗ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱒᱐᱑᱕
ᱵᱮᱛᱷᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱥᱯᱤᱴᱟᱞ, ᱥᱤᱞᱚᱝ | ||||||||
| ᱟᱯᱟᱛ | ᱡᱮᱭᱱᱩᱞᱟᱵᱽᱫᱤᱱ | ||||||||
| ᱮᱸᱜᱟᱛ | ᱚᱥᱤᱟᱢᱢᱟ | ||||||||
| ⚛ | |||||||||
| ᱜᱩᱱ | ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹ | ||||||||
| ⚛ | |||||||||
| ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱡᱽ | |||||||||
| ➡ ᱵᱟᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤᱠ ᱢᱤᱥᱟᱭᱤᱞ,
➡ ᱞᱚᱸᱪ ᱵᱮᱦᱠᱤᱞ | |||||||||
| ᱢᱟᱺᱱ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ | |||||||||
| ᱑᱙᱘᱙ | ᱯᱚᱫᱽᱢᱚ ᱵᱷᱩᱥᱚᱬ | ||||||||
| ᱑᱙᱙᱐ | ᱯᱚᱫᱽᱢᱚ ᱵᱤᱵᱷᱩᱥᱚᱬ | ||||||||
| ᱑᱙᱙᱗ | ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱚᱛᱱᱚ | ||||||||
ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱵᱮᱲᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ
ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ᱑᱕ ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱙᱓᱑ ᱥᱟᱞᱮᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱢᱤᱞᱱᱟᱰᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱢᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱟᱹ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱵᱮᱲᱟ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱵᱩᱞ ᱯᱚᱠᱤᱨ ᱡᱮᱣᱱᱩᱞᱚᱵᱫᱤᱱ ᱚᱵᱽᱫᱩᱞ ᱠᱚᱞᱟᱞ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱯᱟᱛ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱭᱱᱩᱞᱚᱵᱽᱫᱤᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱸᱜᱟᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱥᱤᱟᱢᱢᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱚᱵᱫᱩᱞ ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱣᱲᱤᱭᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱑] ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱯᱚᱦᱚᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱚᱵᱽᱫᱩᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱭᱚᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱣᱨᱟ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ (newspaper) ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱚᱢᱟᱱᱟᱛᱷᱯᱩᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠ ᱵᱤᱱᱤᱰ ᱯᱟᱥ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱤᱨᱩᱪᱤᱨᱟᱯᱚᱞᱞᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱱᱴ ᱡᱚᱥᱮᱯᱷ ᱵᱱᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱚᱪᱚᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱷᱤᱡᱤᱠᱟᱞ (physical) ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱱᱮᱨ ᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱕᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱰᱨᱟᱥᱮ ᱥᱮᱱᱮᱱᱟ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱤᱧᱡᱤᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱾ ᱢᱟᱰᱨᱟᱥ ᱤᱱᱥᱴᱤᱪᱩᱴ ᱚᱯ ᱴᱮᱨᱱᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱱᱮᱨ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱑᱙᱖᱐ ᱥᱟᱞᱮᱨᱮ DRDO ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾
ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹ
ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱯᱷᱟᱹᱫᱽ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱦᱮᱞᱤ ᱠᱟᱯᱴᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱫᱚᱭ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱛᱚᱵᱮ ᱟᱡ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢᱟᱭ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱩᱥᱤ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱤᱠᱨᱚᱢ ᱥᱚᱨᱟᱵᱷᱟᱭᱤ ᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱣᱼᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱵᱤᱠᱨᱤᱢ ᱥᱚᱨᱟᱵᱷᱟᱭᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱤᱡ ᱟᱹᱭᱩᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱖᱙ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱥᱯᱮᱥ ᱨᱤᱥᱚᱨᱪ ᱚᱨᱜᱟᱱᱤᱡᱮᱥᱚᱱ (ᱤᱥᱨᱚ) ᱨᱮ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱝ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱥᱮᱴᱞᱟᱭᱤᱴ ᱞᱚᱧᱪ ᱵᱮᱦᱠᱤᱞ(ᱥᱞᱵ-᱓) ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹᱫᱩᱜᱤᱡ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤᱠ ᱢᱤᱥᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱚᱧᱪ ᱵᱮᱦᱠᱤᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱩᱫᱽᱜᱟᱹᱣ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱥᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱭᱟ ᱾
ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱮᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ
ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱑᱑ ᱟᱱᱤᱡ ᱯᱨᱥᱮᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱒᱕ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱒᱐᱐᱒ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒᱕ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱒᱐᱐᱗ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱨᱭᱟᱹᱭ ᱜᱚᱜ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱮᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ ᱾
ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ
ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱚᱵᱽᱫᱩᱞ ᱠᱚᱞᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱸᱫᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱤᱜᱽᱱᱟᱭᱴᱮᱰ ᱢᱟᱭᱤᱸᱰᱥ (᱒᱐᱐᱒) , ᱣᱤᱝᱥ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱯᱷᱟᱭᱟᱨ(᱑᱙᱙᱙) ᱟᱨ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ-᱒᱐᱒᱐ ᱮ ᱵᱷᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱯᱷᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱭᱩ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱱᱤᱭᱚᱢ' ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱤᱴ ᱠᱚᱴᱤ ᱠᱚᱴᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱩᱥᱠᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱣᱤᱝᱥ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱯᱷᱟᱭᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱵᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ, ᱤᱱᱥᱯᱟᱭᱨᱤᱝ ᱛᱷᱚᱴᱥ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾
ᱢᱟᱺᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ
ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ- ᱑☛ ᱑᱙᱘᱑ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱫᱽᱢᱚ ᱵᱷᱩᱥᱚᱬ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹᱭ ᱮᱢᱟᱫ ᱫᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱫ
- ᱒☛ ᱑᱙᱙᱐ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱚᱫᱽᱢᱚ ᱵᱤᱵᱷᱩᱥᱚᱬ
- ᱓☛ ᱑᱙᱙᱗ ᱥᱟᱞᱮᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱚᱛᱱᱚ
- ᱔☛ ᱑᱙᱙᱗ ᱤᱱᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱜᱟᱱᱫᱷᱤ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱚ ᱡᱟᱛᱤᱭᱚ ᱠᱚᱝᱜᱨᱮᱥ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ
- ᱕☛ ᱑᱙᱙᱘ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱚᱨᱠᱚᱨ ᱢᱟᱺᱱ
ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱰᱤᱠᱴᱚᱨᱮᱴ ᱢᱟᱺᱱ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟᱭ
ᱵᱚᱝᱜᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ
ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱚᱵᱫᱩᱞ ᱠᱚᱞᱟᱢ ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱞᱚᱝ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱛᱷᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱥᱯᱤᱴᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱠᱤᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱚᱯᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱜᱟᱞᱚᱪ ᱮᱢ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱪᱠᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱯᱷᱚᱠᱚᱥ ᱫᱷᱟᱠ (heartfelt) ᱛᱮ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱵᱷᱤᱸᱫᱟᱲᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱫᱷᱩᱲᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱜᱤ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱒]
ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ
ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ- Official website Archived ᱒᱐᱒᱑-᱐᱒-᱒᱗ at the Wayback Machine.
- Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam: Former President of India
- [᱑] Archived ᱒᱐᱒᱑-᱐᱒-᱒᱗ at the Wayback Machine.
ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ
ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ- ↑ cite web|title = APJ Abdul Kalam speaks to Editorial Director M.J. Akbar about presidential elections 2012 : INTERVIEW - India Today|url = http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/abdul-kalam-presidential-elections-2012-new-book-turning-points/1/203064.html%7Cwebsite[permanent dead link] = indiatoday.intoday.in|accessdate = 2015-08-04|deadurl = no|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20150731011511/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/abdul-kalam-presidential-elections-2012-new-book-turning-points/1/203064.html%7Carchivedate = 31 July 2015|df = dmy-all
- ↑ cite news|author1=Rishi Iyengar|title=India Pays Tribute to ‘People’s President’ A.P.J. Abdul Kalam|url=http://time.com/3974357/apj-abdul-kalam-death-tributes-condolences/%7Caccessdate=20 Archived ᱒᱐᱒᱐-᱐᱘-᱐᱔ at the Wayback Machine. August 2015|work=Time Inc.|date=28 July 2015|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150731002329/http://time.com/3974357/apj-abdul-kalam-death-tributes-condolences/%7Carchivedate%3D31 July 2015|df=dmy-all