ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱥᱮᱠᱷᱚᱨ


ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱥᱮᱠᱷᱚᱨ (᱑᱗ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱑᱙᱒᱗ – ᱘ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱒᱐᱐᱗) ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱑᱐ ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱙᱙᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒᱑ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱑᱙᱙᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱘ ᱟᱹᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱚᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱥ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱛᱟᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱛᱟ ᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱮ ᱟᱹᱭᱩᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾[᱑] ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱒]

ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱥᱮᱠᱷᱚᱨ
ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱛ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱘ ᱟᱹᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ
ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱨᱮ
᱑᱐ ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱙᱙᱐ – ᱒᱑ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱑᱙᱙᱑
ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮᱟᱨ. ᱵᱮᱸᱠᱴᱚᱨᱚᱢᱚᱬ
Deputyᱫᱮᱵᱤ ᱞᱟᱞ
ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹᱵᱤᱥᱣᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱯᱨᱚᱛᱟᱯ ᱥᱤᱝ
ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹᱯᱤ. ᱵᱷᱤ. ᱥᱚᱨᱥᱤᱢᱦᱟ ᱨᱟᱣ
ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱛᱟ ᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱮᱛ
ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱨᱮ
᱑᱙᱗᱗ (1977) – ᱑᱙᱘᱘ (1988)
ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹᱯᱚᱫᱽ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱮᱱᱟ
ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹᱚᱡᱤᱛ ᱥᱤᱱᱦᱟ
ᱥᱚᱸᱥᱚᱫᱽ, ᱞᱳᱠᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ
ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱨᱮ
᱑᱙᱘᱙ (1989) – ᱒᱐᱐᱗ (2007)
ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹᱡᱚᱜᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱪᱚᱣᱫᱷᱨᱤ
ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹᱱᱤᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱥᱮᱠᱷᱚᱨ
ᱵᱟᱪᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟᱵᱟᱞᱞᱤᱭᱟ
ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱨᱮ
᱑᱙᱗᱗ (1977) – ᱑᱙᱘᱔ (1984)
ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱫᱽ
ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹᱡᱚᱜᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱪᱚᱣᱫᱷᱨᱤ
ᱵᱟᱪᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟᱵᱟᱞᱞᱤᱭᱟ
ᱥᱚᱸᱥᱚᱫᱽ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ, ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱭᱚ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ
ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱨᱮ
᱑᱙᱖᱒ (1962) – ᱑᱙᱗᱗ (1977)
ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱚᱱᱟᱞ ᱵᱤᱵᱚᱨᱚᱱ
ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ᱑᱗ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱑᱙᱒᱗(1927-04-17)
ᱤᱵᱽᱨᱟᱦᱤᱢᱯᱚᱴᱴᱤ, ᱡᱩᱢᱤᱫᱽ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ, ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ
(ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ, ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ)
ᱜᱩᱨ᱐᱘ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱒᱐᱐᱗ (᱘᱐ ᱵᱚᱭᱚᱥ)
ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ, ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ
ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱫᱚᱞᱥᱚᱢᱟᱡᱽᱵᱟᱫᱤ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱛᱟ ᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤ (ᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱤᱭᱚ)
(1990 – 2007)
ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ
ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ
ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫᱫᱩᱡᱟ ᱫᱮᱵᱤ
ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱵᱮᱴᱟ (ᱱᱤᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱥᱮᱠᱷᱚᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ)
ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱷᱲᱟᱤᱞᱟᱦᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ
ᱥᱩᱦᱤ

ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ "ᱯᱩᱯᱮᱴ"[᱓][᱔] ᱟᱨ "ᱞᱮᱰᱷᱟ ᱜᱮᱰᱮ" ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱳᱠᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱮᱢᱯᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾[᱕][᱖] ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱟᱡᱮᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱥ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ,[᱗] ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱰᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱰᱟᱣᱩᱱ ᱜᱨᱮᱰ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱡᱮᱴ ᱯᱟᱥ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱮᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱨᱮᱰᱤᱴ ᱨᱮᱴᱤᱝ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱰᱟᱣᱩᱱ ᱜᱨᱮᱰ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱰᱟᱣᱩᱱ ᱜᱨᱮᱰ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱨᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱮᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱮᱸᱠ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱤ ᱮᱢ ᱮᱯᱷ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾

ᱱᱤᱡᱮᱨᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ

ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ

ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱗ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱑᱙᱒᱗ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱤᱵᱽᱨᱟᱦᱤᱢᱯᱚᱴᱴᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱯᱩᱛ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱪᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾[᱘][᱙] ᱩᱱᱤ ᱥᱚᱛᱤᱥ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱯᱤ.ᱡᱤ. ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱪᱞᱳᱨ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱟᱨᱴᱥ ᱰᱤᱜᱽᱨᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱢᱢᱟᱱᱤᱛ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟᱠᱚ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱕᱐ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱛ ᱰᱤᱜᱽᱨᱤ (ᱮᱢ.ᱮ.) ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱤᱞᱟᱦᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱫᱮᱞ ᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾[᱑᱐]

ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ

ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱥᱮᱠᱷᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱩᱡᱟ ᱫᱮᱵᱤ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾[᱑᱑] ᱫᱩᱡᱟ ᱫᱮᱵᱤ ᱰᱤᱜᱽᱨᱤ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ, ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱞᱞᱤᱭᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱙᱙᱙ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾[᱑᱒]

ᱩᱱᱤ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱩᱱᱤᱨᱤᱱ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱵᱮᱴᱟ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱯᱚᱸᱠᱚᱡᱽ ᱥᱮᱠᱷᱚᱨ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱥᱮᱠᱷᱚᱨ

ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ

  1. "Rival of Singh Becomes India Premier". Sanjoy Hazarika. The New York Times. 10 November 1990. Retrieved 20 December 2018.
  2. "Socialist Is Installed as India's Eleventh Prime Minister". Sanjoy Hazarika. The New York Times. 11 November 1990. Retrieved 20 December 2018.
  3. The Working Class. Centre of Indian Trade Unions. 1990. p. 86. Retrieved 20 December 2018.
  4. Puppet on a String. Far Eastern Economic Review. October 1990. p. 6.
  5. "Chandra Shekhar exploits fears, weaknesses of Congress(I) and Janata Dal(S)". Inderjit Badhwar,.Prabhu Chawla. India Today. 15 December 1990. Retrieved 20 December 2018.
  6. The Interim Man. The Economist. 1990. p. 42.
  7. "1991, the untold story". Yashwant Sinha. The Hindu. 29 July 2016. Retrieved 21 December 2018.
  8. Chand, Attar (1991). The Long March: Profile of Prime Minister Chandra Shekhar. Mittal. p. 59. ISBN 978-8-17099-272-1.
  9. Ghai, Rajat (7 May 2014). "The office of Prime Minister: A largely north Indian upper-caste, Hindu affair". Business Standard India. Retrieved 8 September 2020.
  10. Dubey, Scharada (2009). Movers and Shakers Prime Minister of India. Westland. ISBN 9788189975548. Retrieved 7 June 2015.[permanent dead link]
  11. Chand, Attar (1991). The Long March: Profile of Prime Minister Chandra Shekhar. Mittal. p. 13. ISBN 978-8-17099-272-1.
  12. "About Us". Duja Devi Degree College Rajauli,Sahatwar,Ballia(U.P.). Retrieved 2022-10-02.

ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ