ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱤᱣᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ
ᱤᱱᱫᱳ-ᱤᱣᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱤᱣᱨᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱭᱛᱮ ᱤᱣᱨᱳᱯ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱩᱯᱚᱢᱟᱦᱟᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤᱭᱚ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱢᱩᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱯᱮᱱᱤᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱩᱯᱚᱱᱤᱵᱮᱥ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱼᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱟᱵᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱝ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ, ᱡᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱᱤᱠ, ᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱞᱛᱳᱼᱥᱞᱟᱵᱷᱤᱠ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ, ᱥᱯᱮᱱᱤᱥ, ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩᱥᱛᱟᱱᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ (ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ/ᱩᱨᱫᱩ), ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱩᱜᱤᱡᱽ, ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ, ᱯᱚᱧᱡᱟᱵᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱥ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱑᱐᱐ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱚᱨᱢᱟᱱ, ᱯᱷᱨᱮᱸᱪ, ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱴᱷᱤ, ᱤᱴᱟᱞᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱥᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱕᱐ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱨᱚᱲᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱔᱖% ᱦᱚᱲ ᱤᱱᱫᱳ-ᱤᱣᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱟ ᱾
ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱤᱣᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱ | |
---|---|
ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ ᱪᱷᱮᱨ |
Pre-colonial era: Eurasia ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱜᱩᱴᱤ 3.2 billion native speakers |
ᱯᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ | One of the world's primary language families |
ᱯᱨᱳᱴᱳᱼᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ | Proto-Indo-European |
ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ |
|
ᱟᱭᱮᱥᱳ ᱖᱓᱙ᱼ᱒ / ᱕ | ine |
ᱜᱽᱞᱚᱴᱴᱚᱞᱚᱜᱽ | indo1319[᱑] |
![]() ᱱᱮᱛᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱱᱫᱳ-ᱤᱣᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱝ
ᱱᱚᱱ ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱤᱣᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ
Dotted/striped areas indicate where multilingualism is common | |
ᱱᱳᱴ ᱠᱚ |
|
ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
ᱩᱛᱷᱱᱟᱹᱣᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
ᱱᱮᱛᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱱᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱱᱫᱳ-ᱤᱣᱮᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛᱫᱽ ᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾. |
Databasesᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
- Dyen, Isidore; Kruskal, Joseph; Black, Paul (1997). "Comparative Indo-European". wordgumbo. Retrieved 13 ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ 2009.
- "Indo-European". LLOW Languages of the World. Retrieved 14 ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ 2009.
- "Indo-European Documentation Center". Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas at Austin. 2009. Archived from the original on 3 ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ 2009. Retrieved 14 ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ 2009. Unknown parameter
|url-status=
ignored (help) - Lewis, M. Paul, ed. (2009). "Language Family Trees: Indo-European". Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Online version (Sixteenth ed.). Dallas, Tex.: SIL International..
- "Thesaurus Indogermanischer Text- und Sprachmaterialien: TITUS" (in German). TITUS, University of Frankfurt. 2003. Retrieved 13 ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ 2009.
- "Indo-European Lexical Cognacy Database (IELex)". Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen.
Lexicaᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
- "Indo-European Etymological Dictionary (IEED)". Leiden, Netherlands: Department of Comparative Indo-European Linguistics, Leiden University. Archived from the original on 7 ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱽᱨᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ 2006. Retrieved 14 ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ 2009. Unknown parameter
|url-status=
ignored (help) - "Indo-European Roots Index". The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language (Fourth ed.). Internet Archive: Wayback Machine. ᱚᱜᱚᱥᱴ 22, 2008 [2000]. Archived from the original on ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱽᱨᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ 17, 2009. Retrieved 9 ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ 2009. Unknown parameter
|url-status=
ignored (help) - Köbler, Gerhard (2014). Indogermanisches Wörterbuch (in German) (5th ed.). Gerhard Köbler. Retrieved 29 ᱢᱟᱨᱪ 2015.
- Schalin, Johan (2009). "Lexicon of Early Indo-European Loanwords Preserved in Finnish". Johan Schalin. Retrieved 9 ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ 2009.
ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
- ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Indo-European". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.