ᱵᱷᱩᱢᱤᱡᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱱᱰᱟ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱩᱥᱴᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ᱾ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ, ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱝᱵᱷᱩᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ᱾ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱵᱷᱩᱢᱤᱡᱽ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱵᱷᱩᱢᱤᱡᱽ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾ ᱵᱷᱩᱢᱤᱡᱽ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱚᱥᱴᱨᱳᱼᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱴᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱵᱷᱩᱢᱤᱡᱽ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱚᱞ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱟ᱾[]

ᱵᱷᱩᱢᱤᱡᱽ
ᱜᱩᱴ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ
᱙᱑᱑,᱓᱔᱙[]
ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱧᱚᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ
 ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ,  ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ
ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ᱓᱗᱖,᱒᱙᱖
ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ᱒᱘᱓,᱙᱐᱙
ᱟᱥᱟᱢ᱒᱔᱘,᱑᱔᱔
ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ᱒᱐᱙,᱔᱔᱘
 ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ≈ ᱓,᱐᱐᱐[]
ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ
ᱵᱷᱩᱢᱤᱡᱽ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ • ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ
ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ
ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ • ᱥᱟᱨᱱᱟ
ᱥᱩᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱛ ᱠᱚ
ᱢᱩᱱᱰᱟ  • ᱠᱳᱞ  • ᱦᱳ  • ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ

ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ

ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ

ᱵᱷᱩᱢᱤᱡᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ "ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ"᱾[] ᱦᱟᱨᱵᱟᱨᱴ ᱦᱩᱯ ᱨᱤᱥᱞᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱘᱙᱐ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟᱭ ᱡᱮ ᱵᱷᱩᱢᱤᱡᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱵᱚᱨᱱᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱵᱷᱩᱢᱤᱡᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱫ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱼᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱱᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱥᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱱᱰᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱫ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱼᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾[]

ᱪᱳᱴᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱯᱞᱮᱴᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱱᱰᱟᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱼᱟ᱾ ᱫᱷᱚᱞᱵᱷᱩᱢ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲ ᱪᱟᱵᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱮ, ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱤᱢᱤᱱ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ, ᱵᱷᱩᱢᱤᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱡᱟᱢᱤᱱᱫᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱫᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ, ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱜᱮ, ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱩᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱱᱮᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱚᱜᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱛᱨᱤᱭᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ᱾[]

ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱰᱟᱞᱴᱚᱱ ᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱹᱵᱤ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱞᱜᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ (ᱪᱩᱣᱟᱨᱥ) ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ᱾[] ᱥᱩᱨ ᱥᱩᱯᱩᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ᱾

ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ

ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ

ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ

ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ

ᱵᱷᱩᱢᱤᱡᱽ ᱥᱚ ᱚᱥᱴᱨᱳᱼᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱴᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱱᱰᱟ ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱳ, ᱢᱩᱱᱰᱟᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱩᱲᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ, ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱐᱐,᱐᱐᱐ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱼᱟ᱾[]

ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱑᱙ ᱨᱮ, ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱩᱢᱤᱡᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾[]

ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ

ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ

ᱵᱷᱩᱢᱤᱡᱽ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱧ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱮᱭᱟ᱾ ᱱᱩᱠᱤᱱ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱤᱱᱟ᱾

ᱡᱮᱱᱮᱴᱤᱠᱥ

ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ

ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱷᱩᱢᱤᱡᱽ

ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ

ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ

ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ

ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ

ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
  1. "A-11 Individual Scheduled Tribe Primary Census Abstract Data and its Appendix". censusindia.gov.in. Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 18 November 2017.
  2. "Bhumij - Banglapedia". en.banglapedia.org. Digital encyclopaedia of Bangladesh. Retrieved 2022-11-14.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  3. "Ol Onal".omniglot
  4. Ota, A. B. (2014). Bhumij (PDF). Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Research and Training Institute, Bhubaneswar. ISBN 978-93-80705-25-5.
  5. Risley, H. H. (1892). The tribes and castes of Bengal. Bengal secretariat Press. OCLC 68183872. Archived from the original on 22 September 2022. Retrieved 21 January 2023.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  6. Ghosh, Binoy, Paschim Banger Sanskriti, (in Bengali), part I, 1976 edition, pp. 423-434, Prakash Bhaban
  7. Minz, Diwakar; Hansda, Delo Mai (2010). Encyclopaedia of Scheduled Tribes in Jharkhand (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Gyan Publishing House. ISBN 978-81-7835-121-6.
  8. "Bhumij language and alphabet". omniglot.com. Retrieved 19 April 2022.
  9. "Jharkhand notifies Bhumij as second state language". The Avenue Mail. 5 January 2019. Retrieved 17 April 2022.